Heart attack vs. Cardiac Arrest: What’s the Difference?

When it comes to heart problems, two terms are often used interchangeably but actually mean very different things — heart attack and cardiac arrest. While both are serious and life-threatening, they are not the same condition. Knowing the difference can save lives, help in early recognition, and ensure timely medical intervention. At Apollo Hospital, Delhi, patients receive world-class cardiac care under the guidance of leading experts like Dr. Gautam Naik, recognized as one of the best cardiologists in Delhi.


What Is a Heart Attack?

A heart attack (myocardial infarction) occurs when blood flow to a part of the heart is blocked, usually due to a blood clot or plaque buildup in the coronary arteries. Without oxygenated blood, the heart muscle begins to die, causing chest pain and other symptoms.

Key Symptoms of a Heart Attack:

  • Chest pain or tightness (may radiate to the arm, neck, or jaw)
  • Shortness of breath
  • Nausea or vomiting
  • Sweating
  • Lightheadedness

Causes:

  • Coronary artery disease (most common)
  • Plaque rupture leading to clot formation
  • Severe spasm of a coronary artery

Treatment at Apollo Hospital:
At Apollo Hospital, Delhi, heart attack patients receive immediate evaluation and treatment, including:

  • Emergency angioplasty and stenting to restore blood flow
  • Advanced imaging and diagnostics for accurate detection
  • Medications such as blood thinners, statins, and beta blockers
  • Lifestyle management and long-term follow-up to prevent recurrence

What Is Cardiac Arrest?

A cardiac arrest happens when the heart suddenly stops beating due to an electrical malfunction. Unlike a heart attack, where blood flow is blocked, cardiac arrest is an electrical problem leading to complete loss of circulation. Without prompt treatment, cardiac arrest can lead to death within minutes.

Key Symptoms of Cardiac Arrest:

  • Sudden collapse
  • No pulse
  • No breathing
  • Loss of consciousness

Causes:

  • Abnormal heart rhythms (ventricular fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia)
  • Severe heart attack leading to electrical failure
  • Heart failure, cardiomyopathy, or structural heart disease
  • Electrolyte imbalances or drug overdose

Treatment at Apollo Hospital:

  • Immediate CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) and use of defibrillators to restart the heart
  • Advanced life support in the cardiac ICU
  • Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD) for patients at high risk
  • Comprehensive evaluation to treat the underlying cause

Key Difference Between Heart Attack and Cardiac Arrest

AspectHeart AttackCardiac Arrest
CauseBlocked blood flow to heart muscleElectrical malfunction in the heart
SymptomsChest pain, breathlessness, nauseaSudden collapse, no pulse, unconsciousness
OnsetGradual or suddenImmediate and unexpected
TreatmentMedications, angioplasty, surgeryCPR, defibrillation, advanced life support

Why Expert Care Matters

Both conditions are emergencies but require different treatments. A heart attack may lead to cardiac arrest if not treated promptly, highlighting the importance of specialized cardiac care.

At Apollo Hospital, Delhi, patients have access to advanced cath labs, experienced ICU teams, and globally trained cardiologists. Among them, Dr. Gautam Naik is regarded as one of the best cardiologists in Apollo Hospital, Delhi. With expertise in interventional cardiology, structural heart interventions, and complex cardiac care, he has successfully managed numerous patients with both heart attacks and cardiac arrest conditions. His patient-centric approach, combined with Apollo’s cutting-edge facilities, ensures the highest standard of care.


Conclusion

Understanding the difference between a heart attack and cardiac arrest is vital for early recognition and timely treatment. While a heart attack is caused by blocked blood flow, cardiac arrest is due to sudden electrical failure. Both require urgent medical attention. For patients in Delhi, Apollo Hospital offers advanced treatment backed by the expertise of Dr. Gautam Naik, making it one of the most trusted destinations for heart care.